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#----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Copyright (c) 2008 by David P. D. Moss. All rights reserved. # # Released under the BSD license. See the LICENSE file for details. #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- """Set based operations for IP addresses and subnets.""" import itertools as _itertools from netaddr.ip import (IPNetwork, IPAddress, IPRange, cidr_merge, cidr_exclude, iprange_to_cidrs) from netaddr.compat import _sys_maxint, _dict_keys, _int_type def _subtract(supernet, subnets, subnet_idx, ranges): """Calculate IPSet([supernet]) - IPSet(subnets). Assumptions: subnets is sorted, subnet_idx points to the first element in subnets that is a subnet of supernet. Results are appended to the ranges parameter as tuples of in format (version, first, last). Return value is the first subnet_idx that does not point to a subnet of supernet (or len(subnets) if all subsequents items are a subnet of supernet). """ version = supernet._module.version subnet = subnets[subnet_idx] if subnet.first > supernet.first: ranges.append((version, supernet.first, subnet.first - 1)) subnet_idx += 1 prev_subnet = subnet while subnet_idx < len(subnets): cur_subnet = subnets[subnet_idx] if cur_subnet not in supernet: break if prev_subnet.last + 1 == cur_subnet.first: # two adjacent, non-mergable IPNetworks pass else: ranges.append((version, prev_subnet.last + 1, cur_subnet.first - 1)) subnet_idx += 1 prev_subnet = cur_subnet first = prev_subnet.last + 1 last = supernet.last if first <= last: ranges.append((version, first, last)) return subnet_idx def _iter_merged_ranges(sorted_ranges): """Iterate over sorted_ranges, merging where possible Sorted ranges must be a sorted iterable of (version, first, last) tuples. Merging occurs for pairs like [(4, 10, 42), (4, 43, 100)] which is merged into (4, 10, 100), and leads to return value ( IPAddress(10, 4), IPAddress(100, 4) ), which is suitable input for the iprange_to_cidrs function. """ if not sorted_ranges: return current_version, current_start, current_stop = sorted_ranges[0] for next_version, next_start, next_stop in sorted_ranges[1:]: if next_start == current_stop + 1 and next_version == current_version: # Can be merged. current_stop = next_stop continue # Cannot be merged. yield (IPAddress(current_start, current_version), IPAddress(current_stop, current_version)) current_start = next_start current_stop = next_stop current_version = next_version yield (IPAddress(current_start, current_version), IPAddress(current_stop, current_version)) class IPSet(object): """ Represents an unordered collection (set) of unique IP addresses and subnets. """ __slots__ = ('_cidrs',) def __init__(self, iterable=None, flags=0): """ Constructor. :param iterable: (optional) an iterable containing IP addresses and subnets. :param flags: decides which rules are applied to the interpretation of the addr value. See the netaddr.core namespace documentation for supported constant values. """ if isinstance(iterable, IPNetwork): self._cidrs = {iterable.cidr: True} elif isinstance(iterable, IPRange): self._cidrs = dict.fromkeys( iprange_to_cidrs(iterable[0], iterable[-1]), True) elif isinstance(iterable, IPSet): self._cidrs = dict.fromkeys(iterable.iter_cidrs(), True) else: self._cidrs = {} if iterable is not None: mergeable = [] for addr in iterable: if isinstance(addr, _int_type): addr = IPAddress(addr, flags=flags) mergeable.append(addr) for cidr in cidr_merge(mergeable): self._cidrs[cidr] = True def __getstate__(self): """:return: Pickled state of an ``IPSet`` object.""" return tuple([cidr.__getstate__() for cidr in self._cidrs]) def __setstate__(self, state): """ :param state: data used to unpickle a pickled ``IPSet`` object. """ self._cidrs = dict.fromkeys( (IPNetwork((value, prefixlen), version=version) for value, prefixlen, version in state), True) def _compact_single_network(self, added_network): """ Same as compact(), but assume that added_network is the only change and that this IPSet was properly compacted before added_network was added. This allows to perform compaction much faster. added_network must already be present in self._cidrs. """ added_first = added_network.first added_last = added_network.last added_version = added_network.version # Check for supernets and subnets of added_network. if added_network._prefixlen == added_network._module.width: # This is a single IP address, i.e. /32 for IPv4 or /128 for IPv6. # It does not have any subnets, so we only need to check for its # potential supernets. for potential_supernet in added_network.supernet(): if potential_supernet in self._cidrs: del self._cidrs[added_network] return else: # IPNetworks from self._cidrs that are subnets of added_network. to_remove = [] for cidr in self._cidrs: if (cidr._module.version != added_version or cidr == added_network): # We found added_network or some network of a different version. continue first = cidr.first last = cidr.last if first >= added_first and last <= added_last: # cidr is a subnet of added_network. Remember to remove it. to_remove.append(cidr) elif first <= added_first and last >= added_last: # cidr is a supernet of added_network. Remove added_network. del self._cidrs[added_network] # This IPSet was properly compacted before. Since added_network # is removed now, it must again be properly compacted -> done. assert (not to_remove) return for item in to_remove: del self._cidrs[item] # Check if added_network can be merged with another network. # Note that merging can only happen between networks of the same # prefixlen. This just leaves 2 candidates: The IPNetworks just before # and just after the added_network. # This can be reduced to 1 candidate: 10.0.0.0/24 and 10.0.1.0/24 can # be merged into into 10.0.0.0/23. But 10.0.1.0/24 and 10.0.2.0/24 # cannot be merged. With only 1 candidate, we might as well make a # dictionary lookup. shift_width = added_network._module.width - added_network.prefixlen while added_network.prefixlen != 0: # figure out if the least significant bit of the network part is 0 or 1. the_bit = (added_network._value >> shift_width) & 1 if the_bit: candidate = added_network.previous() else: candidate = added_network.next() if candidate not in self._cidrs: # The only possible merge does not work -> merge done return # Remove added_network&candidate, add merged network. del self._cidrs[candidate] del self._cidrs[added_network] added_network.prefixlen -= 1 # Be sure that we set the host bits to 0 when we move the prefixlen. # Otherwise, adding 255.255.255.255/32 will result in a merged # 255.255.255.255/24 network, but we want 255.255.255.0/24. shift_width += 1 added_network._value = (added_network._value >> shift_width) << shift_width self._cidrs[added_network] = True def compact(self): """ Compact internal list of `IPNetwork` objects using a CIDR merge. """ cidrs = cidr_merge(self._cidrs) self._cidrs = dict.fromkeys(cidrs, True) def __hash__(self): """ Raises ``TypeError`` if this method is called. .. note:: IPSet objects are not hashable and cannot be used as \ dictionary keys or as members of other sets. \ """ raise TypeError('IP sets are unhashable!') def __contains__(self, ip): """ :param ip: An IP address or subnet. :return: ``True`` if IP address or subnet is a member of this IP set. """ # Iterating over self._cidrs is an O(n) operation: 1000 items in # self._cidrs would mean 1000 loops. Iterating over all possible # supernets loops at most 32 times for IPv4 or 128 times for IPv6, # no matter how many CIDRs this object contains. supernet = IPNetwork(ip) if supernet in self._cidrs: return True while supernet._prefixlen: supernet._prefixlen -= 1 if supernet in self._cidrs: return True return False def __nonzero__(self): """Return True if IPSet contains at least one IP, else False""" return bool(self._cidrs) __bool__ = __nonzero__ # Python 3.x. def __iter__(self): """ :return: an iterator over the IP addresses within this IP set. """ return _itertools.chain(*sorted(self._cidrs)) def iter_cidrs(self): """ :return: an iterator over individual IP subnets within this IP set. """ return sorted(self._cidrs) def add(self, addr, flags=0): """ Adds an IP address or subnet or IPRange to this IP set. Has no effect if it is already present. Note that where possible the IP address or subnet is merged with other members of the set to form more concise CIDR blocks. :param addr: An IP address or subnet in either string or object form, or an IPRange object. :param flags: decides which rules are applied to the interpretation of the addr value. See the netaddr.core namespace documentation for supported constant values. """ if isinstance(addr, IPRange): new_cidrs = dict.fromkeys( iprange_to_cidrs(addr[0], addr[-1]), True) self._cidrs.update(new_cidrs) self.compact() return if isinstance(addr, IPNetwork): # Networks like 10.1.2.3/8 need to be normalized to 10.0.0.0/8 addr = addr.cidr elif isinstance(addr, _int_type): addr = IPNetwork(IPAddress(addr, flags=flags)) else: addr = IPNetwork(addr) self._cidrs[addr] = True self._compact_single_network(addr) def remove(self, addr, flags=0): """ Removes an IP address or subnet or IPRange from this IP set. Does nothing if it is not already a member. Note that this method behaves more like discard() found in regular Python sets because it doesn't raise KeyError exceptions if the IP address or subnet is question does not exist. It doesn't make sense to fully emulate that behaviour here as IP sets contain groups of individual IP addresses as individual set members using IPNetwork objects. :param addr: An IP address or subnet, or an IPRange. :param flags: decides which rules are applied to the interpretation of the addr value. See the netaddr.core namespace documentation for supported constant values. """ if isinstance(addr, IPRange): cidrs = iprange_to_cidrs(addr[0], addr[-1]) for cidr in cidrs: self.remove(cidr) return if isinstance(addr, _int_type): addr = IPAddress(addr, flags=flags) else: addr = IPNetwork(addr) # This add() is required for address blocks provided that are larger # than blocks found within the set but have overlaps. e.g. :- # # >>> IPSet(['192.0.2.0/24']).remove('192.0.2.0/23') # IPSet([]) # self.add(addr) remainder = None matching_cidr = None # Search for a matching CIDR and exclude IP from it. for cidr in self._cidrs: if addr in cidr: remainder = cidr_exclude(cidr, addr) matching_cidr = cidr break # Replace matching CIDR with remaining CIDR elements. if remainder is not None: del self._cidrs[matching_cidr] for cidr in remainder: self._cidrs[cidr] = True # No call to self.compact() is needed. Removing an IPNetwork cannot # create mergable networks. def pop(self): """ Removes and returns an arbitrary IP address or subnet from this IP set. :return: An IP address or subnet. """ return self._cidrs.popitem()[0] def isdisjoint(self, other): """ :param other: an IP set. :return: ``True`` if this IP set has no elements (IP addresses or subnets) in common with other. Intersection *must* be an empty set. """ result = self.intersection(other) return not result def copy(self): """:return: a shallow copy of this IP set.""" obj_copy = self.__class__() obj_copy._cidrs.update(self._cidrs) return obj_copy def update(self, iterable, flags=0): """ Update the contents of this IP set with the union of itself and other IP set. :param iterable: an iterable containing IP addresses and subnets. :param flags: decides which rules are applied to the interpretation of the addr value. See the netaddr.core namespace documentation for supported constant values. """ if isinstance(iterable, IPSet): self._cidrs = dict.fromkeys( (ip for ip in cidr_merge(_dict_keys(self._cidrs) + _dict_keys(iterable._cidrs))), True) return elif isinstance(iterable, (IPNetwork, IPRange)): self.add(iterable) return if not hasattr(iterable, '__iter__'): raise TypeError('an iterable was expected!') # An iterable containing IP addresses or subnets. mergeable = [] for addr in iterable: if isinstance(addr, _int_type): addr = IPAddress(addr, flags=flags) mergeable.append(addr) for cidr in cidr_merge(_dict_keys(self._cidrs) + mergeable): self._cidrs[cidr] = True self.compact() def clear(self): """Remove all IP addresses and subnets from this IP set.""" self._cidrs = {} def __eq__(self, other): """ :param other: an IP set :return: ``True`` if this IP set is equivalent to the ``other`` IP set, ``False`` otherwise. """ try: return self._cidrs == other._cidrs except AttributeError: return NotImplemented def __ne__(self, other): """ :param other: an IP set :return: ``False`` if this IP set is equivalent to the ``other`` IP set, ``True`` otherwise. """ try: return self._cidrs != other._cidrs except AttributeError: return NotImplemented def __lt__(self, other): """ :param other: an IP set :return: ``True`` if this IP set is less than the ``other`` IP set, ``False`` otherwise. """ if not hasattr(other, '_cidrs'): return NotImplemented return self.size < other.size and self.issubset(other) def issubset(self, other): """ :param other: an IP set. :return: ``True`` if every IP address and subnet in this IP set is found within ``other``. """ for cidr in self._cidrs: if cidr not in other: return False return True __le__ = issubset def __gt__(self, other): """ :param other: an IP set. :return: ``True`` if this IP set is greater than the ``other`` IP set, ``False`` otherwise. """ if not hasattr(other, '_cidrs'): return NotImplemented return self.size > other.size and self.issuperset(other) def issuperset(self, other): """ :param other: an IP set. :return: ``True`` if every IP address and subnet in other IP set is found within this one. """ if not hasattr(other, '_cidrs'): return NotImplemented for cidr in other._cidrs: if cidr not in self: return False return True __ge__ = issuperset def union(self, other): """ :param other: an IP set. :return: the union of this IP set and another as a new IP set (combines IP addresses and subnets from both sets). """ ip_set = self.copy() ip_set.update(other) return ip_set __or__ = union def intersection(self, other): """ :param other: an IP set. :return: the intersection of this IP set and another as a new IP set. (IP addresses and subnets common to both sets). """ result_cidrs = {} own_nets = sorted(self._cidrs) other_nets = sorted(other._cidrs) own_idx = 0 other_idx = 0 own_len = len(own_nets) other_len = len(other_nets) while own_idx < own_len and other_idx < other_len: own_cur = own_nets[own_idx] other_cur = other_nets[other_idx] if own_cur == other_cur: result_cidrs[own_cur] = True own_idx += 1 other_idx += 1 elif own_cur in other_cur: result_cidrs[own_cur] = True own_idx += 1 elif other_cur in own_cur: result_cidrs[other_cur] = True other_idx += 1 else: # own_cur and other_cur have nothing in common if own_cur < other_cur: own_idx += 1 else: other_idx += 1 # We ran out of networks in own_nets or other_nets. Either way, there # can be no further result_cidrs. result = IPSet() result._cidrs = result_cidrs return result __and__ = intersection def symmetric_difference(self, other): """ :param other: an IP set. :return: the symmetric difference of this IP set and another as a new IP set (all IP addresses and subnets that are in exactly one of the sets). """ # In contrast to intersection() and difference(), we cannot construct # the result_cidrs easily. Some cidrs may have to be merged, e.g. for # IPSet(["10.0.0.0/32"]).symmetric_difference(IPSet(["10.0.0.1/32"])). result_ranges = [] own_nets = sorted(self._cidrs) other_nets = sorted(other._cidrs) own_idx = 0 other_idx = 0 own_len = len(own_nets) other_len = len(other_nets) while own_idx < own_len and other_idx < other_len: own_cur = own_nets[own_idx] other_cur = other_nets[other_idx] if own_cur == other_cur: own_idx += 1 other_idx += 1 elif own_cur in other_cur: own_idx = _subtract(other_cur, own_nets, own_idx, result_ranges) other_idx += 1 elif other_cur in own_cur: other_idx = _subtract(own_cur, other_nets, other_idx, result_ranges) own_idx += 1 else: # own_cur and other_cur have nothing in common if own_cur < other_cur: result_ranges.append((own_cur._module.version, own_cur.first, own_cur.last)) own_idx += 1 else: result_ranges.append((other_cur._module.version, other_cur.first, other_cur.last)) other_idx += 1 # If the above loop terminated because it processed all cidrs of # "other", then any remaining cidrs in self must be part of the result. while own_idx < own_len: own_cur = own_nets[own_idx] result_ranges.append((own_cur._module.version, own_cur.first, own_cur.last)) own_idx += 1 # If the above loop terminated because it processed all cidrs of # self, then any remaining cidrs in "other" must be part of the result. while other_idx < other_len: other_cur = other_nets[other_idx] result_ranges.append((other_cur._module.version, other_cur.first, other_cur.last)) other_idx += 1 result = IPSet() for start, stop in _iter_merged_ranges(result_ranges): cidrs = iprange_to_cidrs(start, stop) for cidr in cidrs: result._cidrs[cidr] = True return result __xor__ = symmetric_difference def difference(self, other): """ :param other: an IP set. :return: the difference between this IP set and another as a new IP set (all IP addresses and subnets that are in this IP set but not found in the other.) """ result_ranges = [] result_cidrs = {} own_nets = sorted(self._cidrs) other_nets = sorted(other._cidrs) own_idx = 0 other_idx = 0 own_len = len(own_nets) other_len = len(other_nets) while own_idx < own_len and other_idx < other_len: own_cur = own_nets[own_idx] other_cur = other_nets[other_idx] if own_cur == other_cur: own_idx += 1 other_idx += 1 elif own_cur in other_cur: own_idx += 1 elif other_cur in own_cur: other_idx = _subtract(own_cur, other_nets, other_idx, result_ranges) own_idx += 1 else: # own_cur and other_cur have nothing in common if own_cur < other_cur: result_cidrs[own_cur] = True own_idx += 1 else: other_idx += 1 # If the above loop terminated because it processed all cidrs of # "other", then any remaining cidrs in self must be part of the result. while own_idx < own_len: result_cidrs[own_nets[own_idx]] = True own_idx += 1 for start, stop in _iter_merged_ranges(result_ranges): for cidr in iprange_to_cidrs(start, stop): result_cidrs[cidr] = True result = IPSet() result._cidrs = result_cidrs return result __sub__ = difference def __len__(self): """ :return: the cardinality of this IP set (i.e. sum of individual IP \ addresses). Raises ``IndexError`` if size > maxint (a Python \ limitation). Use the .size property for subnets of any size. """ size = self.size if size > _sys_maxint: raise IndexError( "range contains more than %d (sys.maxint) IP addresses!" "Use the .size property instead." % _sys_maxint) return size @property def size(self): """ The cardinality of this IP set (based on the number of individual IP addresses including those implicitly defined in subnets). """ return sum([cidr.size for cidr in self._cidrs]) def __repr__(self): """:return: Python statement to create an equivalent object""" return 'IPSet(%r)' % [str(c) for c in sorted(self._cidrs)] __str__ = __repr__ def iscontiguous(self): """ Returns True if the members of the set form a contiguous IP address range (with no gaps), False otherwise. :return: ``True`` if the ``IPSet`` object is contiguous. """ cidrs = self.iter_cidrs() if len(cidrs) > 1: previous = cidrs[0][0] for cidr in cidrs: if cidr[0] != previous: return False previous = cidr[-1] + 1 return True def iprange(self): """ Generates an IPRange for this IPSet, if all its members form a single contiguous sequence. Raises ``ValueError`` if the set is not contiguous. :return: An ``IPRange`` for all IPs in the IPSet. """ if self.iscontiguous(): cidrs = self.iter_cidrs() if not cidrs: return None return IPRange(cidrs[0][0], cidrs[-1][-1]) else: raise ValueError("IPSet is not contiguous") def iter_ipranges(self): """Generate the merged IPRanges for this IPSet. In contrast to self.iprange(), this will work even when the IPSet is not contiguous. Adjacent IPRanges will be merged together, so you get the minimal number of IPRanges. """ sorted_ranges = [(cidr._module.version, cidr.first, cidr.last) for cidr in self.iter_cidrs()] for start, stop in _iter_merged_ranges(sorted_ranges): yield IPRange(start, stop)